Selelekela
Boemong bo potlakileng-bo ntseng bo tsoela pele ho etsa liindasteri, tlhokahalo ea lefats'e ea ho nepahala, lebelo, ho pheta-pheta, le bots'epehi ba ho etsa litšepe ha e so fihle maemong a holimo. Mekhoa ea khale ea ho kopanya e kang shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding (MIG), le gas tungsten arc welding (TIG) e sebelitse liindasteri tse boima le tse bobebe ka lilemo tse mashome, empa hangata li fana ka mefokolo ea tlhaho mabapi le mocheso o pharaletseng{2}}libaka tse amehileng, ho sothoa ha mocheso, lebelo le tsoelang pele mosebetsi o boima-o matla haholo-ho qeta le ho sila. Joalo ka ha mekhatlo ea mehleng ea kajeno ea tlhahiso e ntse e fetoha ka potlako ho ea ho mekhoa ea tlhahiso, ho kopanngoa ha li-alloy tse bobebe, -likopano tse nyane, le ho mamellana ka mokhoa o tiileng,{7}}baenjiniere ba ho nahana, balaoli ba lipolante, le litsebi tsa ho reka thepa ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho sebelisa mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea ho etsa litšoantšo le theknoloji ea ho ikopanya le optical ho kopana le maemo a tloaelehileng a tlhahiso.
Boemong bo ka sehloohong ba phetoho ena e ntseng e tsoela pele ea tlhahiso ho eme{0}mochini o sebetsang hantle haholo oa laser welding. Ka ho sebelisa leseli le kopaneng, le momahaneng la khanya ea monochromatic, litsamaiso tsena tse tsoetseng pele li fana ka matla a ikhethang ka kotloloho ho sehokelo sa lenonyeletso se sebakeng sa heno, se bakang ho qhibiliha ka potlako le ho kopanngoa ha metallurgic ka ho sotheha ho fokolang ha mocheso ho fetisetsoang linthong tse potolohileng sebopeho. Hore na setsi se kenella ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse - tse tšesaane haholo, tse koaletsoeng ka lithium{4}}ka libateri tsa ion, kapa ho etsa liphanele tsa titanium tse boima, ho khetha lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng ho hloka kutloisiso e tebileng ea laser physics, lipeakanyo tsa motlakase, metallurgy, le khokahanyo ea othomathike. Tataiso ena e pharalletseng ea moreki e entsoe ka bokhabane bakeng sa ho tsamaisana le maemo ana a rarahaneng, ho thusa litsebi tsa ho reka thepa, lienjineri tsa tlhahiso, le beng ba likhoebo tse kholo ho etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo ka botlalo, tsa nako e tlang-e leng bopaki ba ho tsetela ha ho reka mochini oa liindasteri oa welding.
Ho utloisisa Core Laser Technologies le Mefuta ea Mohloli
Mohato oa pele le oa bohlokoahali oa tekheniki ts'ebetsong ea theko ke ho hloaea le ho khetha theknoloji e nepahetseng ea mohloli oa laser. Sistimi ea laser ea indasteri e hlophisoa haholo-holo ka mokhoa oa bona o sebetsang oa phaello, 'me sehare se seng le se seng se ikhethileng se hlahisa wavelength e ikhethang e sebetsanang le likarolo tse fapaneng tsa tšepe ka mekhoa e fapaneng haholo.
Mechini ea welding ea Fiber laser e tiisitse boemo ba eona ka potlako joalo ka tekanyetso e ke keng ea qojoa ea khauta bakeng sa tlhahiso ea tšepe ea sejoale-joale ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng. Ha re sebelisa-earth{2}}doped optical fibers-joalo ka erbium, ytterbium, kapa neodymium{4}e le mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho fumana chelete, lisistimi tsena li etsa hoo e ka bang{5}}infrared wavelength ea hoo e ka bang 1064 nanometers. Leqhubu lena le khuts'oane le fana ka litekanyetso tse ikhethang tsa ho monya litšepe tse ngata tsa indasteri, ho kenyeletsoa tšepe ea carbon, tšepe e sa hloekang, lialloi tsa aluminium, koporo, koporo le limaraka tse khethehileng tsa titanium. Li-fiber lasers li fana ka khanya e hlakileng haholoanyane, motlakase o phahameng-ho{10}}ho fetola pono e sebetsang hantle, 'me li batla li lokisoa{11}li sebetsa mahala tse nkang mashome a likete a lihora tse sa khaotseng tsa ho sebetsa. Li lekane hantle bakeng sa ho chesella ka ho teba ha keyhole, e leng se etsang{13}}maemo a holimo{14}}karolelano ea liwelld tse nang le mocheso o fokolang, le{15}}lebelo le phahameng la ho tjheseletsa mehala ea tlhahiso.
Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) solid-lisebelisoa tsa laser tsa naha li emela theknoloji e seng e hōlile, e leng teng e hlahisang haufi le{2}}infrared wavelength ho pota 1064 nanometers. Leha e nkeloa sebaka haholo ke li-laser tsa fiber tse -tse tsoelang pele ka matla-lisebelisoa tsa maqhubu ka lebaka la tšebeliso e phahameng ea matla a motlakase, lebone la ho fetola lebone, le mathata a taolo ea mocheso, lisebelisoa tsa pulsed Nd:YAG li lula li le bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng. Bokhoni ba bona bo ikhethang ba ho fana ka lisebelisuoa tse laoloang ka thata, tse phahameng-li etsa hore li sebetse ka tsela e ikhethang bakeng sa -lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse bonolo, li-betri, likhokahano tsa motlakase, le lisebelisoa tse tšesaane tsa bongaka{11} tse nang le mabota moo ho hlokehang tekanyetso e nepahetseng ea mocheso ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tse haufi le mocheso.
Li-laser tsa CO2, tse sebetsang ho-mabone a infrared a 10.6 micrometer, e ne e le tsona tse ka sehloohong tse sebelisoang liindastering tse boima le tse-tse teteaneng tsa li-welding. Leha ho le joalo, maqhubu a bona a malelele ha a monoe hantle ke litšepe tse khanyang-tse kang aluminium le koporo, e leng se bakang ponahalo e holimo le tšenyo e ka bang teng ho optics. Ho feta moo, litsamaiso tsa CO2 li hloka liipone tse rarahaneng tsa kantle, li-setups tsa khase tse hloekisang, le metsoako ea khase ea laser. Ka lebaka leo, bakeng sa meaho ea sejoale-joale-ea ho etsa litšepe tse ngata, litsamaiso tsa CO2 li felisitsoe molemong oa ho sebetsa hantle ha matla, ho tenyetseha, le ho fana ka lipolanete tse tiileng{11}} tsa state fiber laser.
Mekhahlelo ea Ts'ebetso ea Bohlokoa: Matla, Boleng ba Beam, le Sistimi ea Taolo
Hang ha theknoloji e nepahetseng ea mohloli oa laser e se e thehiloe, litsebi tsa ho reka thepa li tlameha ho lekola litekanyo tsa mantlha tsa ts'ebetso tse laolang bokhoni ba mochini oa ho sebetsa, ho sebetsa hantle le boleng ba ho qetela ba weld.
Phallo ea matla a Laser, e lekantsoeng ka li-watts kapa li-kilowatts, e sebetsa e le eona ntho e ka sehloohong e khethollang botebo ba ho kenella ha tjheseletsa le lebelo la ho sebetsa. {{1}seseteme ea matla a tlase ho tloha ho 500 watts ho isa ho 1500 watts hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho nepahala ha micro-welding, -maaho a masesaane a kaho ea elektroniki, le ho koala sensara hantle. -seseteme e mahareng e sebetsang lipakeng tsa 2000 watts le 4000 watts e fana ka ts'ebetso e feto-fetohang bakeng sa meaho e akaretsang ea tšepe, ho kopanya likarolo tsa 'mele oa koloi, le ho kopanya{10}}tenya ha mahareng. {{12}seseteme ya matla a hodimo{12}a fetang 6000 watts ho fihla ho 20 kilowatts e etseditswe ka ho kgetheha ditshebediso tse boima tsa diindasteri,{15}}karolo ya ditshipi tse teteaneng, kaho ya dikepe, le ho tswelapele ho etsa{16}liphaephe le diphaephe tse tswelang pele. Ho nyallana lintlha tsa motlakase hantle le botenya ba thepa ea hao e khethehileng, tlhophiso ea kopanelo, le tšebetso e hlokehang ho thibela litšitiso tse turang tsa tlhahiso ho tsoa ka tlase{18}ho sebelisa chelete e ngata ho feta{19}}ho tsetela ka bongata bo sa sebelisoeng.
Boleng ba marang-rang, kabo ea matla a sebaka, le khanya le tsona ke metrics ea bohlokoa. Lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao tsa indasteri hangata li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho romelloa, joalo ka liring tse feto-fetohang-mode fibers kapa dynamic wobble{2}}welding galvanometer heads. Hlooho e sisinyehang e sutumelletsa lebone la laser le tsepamisitsoeng ka mokhoa o chitja, o pota-potileng kapa oa mela ha e ntse e tsamaea haufi le seam e kopaneng. Pherekano ena e laoloang e susumetsa letamo, e koala likheo tse kholoanyane tsa metso, e felisa -porosity, 'me e ntlafatsa haholo botle le sebopeho sa sefaha sa weld, haholo-holo ha ho sebetsa lisebelisoa tse hlakileng tse kang aluminium. Ho feta moo, ho lekola bokhoni ba maemo a phahameng a ho otla ha matla ho lumella ba sebetsang ho laola tsela ea motlakase ka nepo-ho ea holimo le ho theosa{8}liprofaele, ka katleho ho felisa ho phatloha le ho tsieleha ha mocheso nakong ea mohato oa bohlokoa oa ho tiisa.
Kopanyo, Boiketsetso, le Ergonomics ho Tikoloho ea Feme
Ho tsetela mochining oa welding oa laser oa indasteri ke ka seoelo o batlang ho fumana lebokose la li-hardware tse ikemetseng; e kenyelletsa ho kopanya ka mokhoa o sa tsitsang tsamaiso e nyane ea optical e rarahaneng ho ecosystem ea feme ea hau e teng. Tikoloho ea sejoale-joale ea tlhahiso e hloka tšebelisano e felletseng le meaho ea boiketsetso ea feme, li-robotic workcells, le meralo e thata ea netefatso ea boleng.
Bakeng sa-tikoloho ea tlhahiso e phahameng, lisele tsa laser welding ke tsona khetho ea indasteri. Multi-matsoho a axis articulated robotics a kopantsoeng le fiber{3}}delivered laser welding heads can navigate complex three-dimensional geometries, contoured automutive body frames, and aerospace assemblies tse rarahaneng tse pheta-phetoang le lebelo le holimo. Ntle le moo, CNC{{6}lits'ebetso tse laoloang tsa gantry le liteishene tsa khabinete tse kentsoeng li loketse bakeng sa-ho lokisa maqephe, ho etsa li-batch, le mehala e ikemetseng{8}}moo likarolo tsa jiometri li ts'oanang 'me li lebelloa esale pele.
Ergonomics, ho latela ts'ireletso, le taolo ea tikoloho le tsona li tlameha ho kenyelletsoa ho kopanngoa ha mochini oa mochini. Kaha indasteri ea welding e hlahisa-mahlaseli a phahameng a bonahalang le lebone le kotsi le sa bonahaleng la infrared, lisebelisoa li tlameha ho ba le libaka tse sireletsang tsa Sehlopha sa 1 tse nang le tšireletseho{3}}mamati a notlelitsoeng, lifensetere tse khethehileng tsa mahlo, le likharetene tse tiisitsoeng tsa laser tse tiisitsoeng. Ho feta moo, taolo e nepahetseng ea ho ntšoa ha mosi le ho sireletsa khase ha se litlhokahalo- tseo ho ka buisanoang ka tsona. Ligase tse sireletsang tse sa sebetseng joalo ka argon, helium, kapa metsoako e khethehileng ea khase li lula li phalla ka holim'a letamo la weld e qhibilihisitsoeng ho thibela oxidation ea sepakapaka le ho putlama.
Li-nozzles tse kopaneng tsa khase ea coaxial kapa li-cross{0}}jet systems li netefatsa litšepe tse hloekileng, tse khanyang, tse nang le oxide{1}}mahala, ha ba bokellang lerōle ka har'a sekepe ba tšoara mouoane le lintho tse itseng ho sireletsa bophelo ba mosebedisi le bohloeki ba mahlo.
Ho Baloa Kakaretso ea Litšenyehelo tsa Beng le Mekhoa ea Khetho ea Barekisi
Ho lekola boitlamo ba 'nete ba lichelete ba ho fumana mochini oa welding laser oa indasteri ho hloka ho sheba hole le theko ea pele ea theko ho bala kakaretso ea litšenyehelo tsa botho (TCO). Le hoja litsamaiso tse phahameng- tsa morao-rao li emela litšenyehelo tse ngata tsa pele, moruo oa bona{2}} oa nako e telele hangata o feta mekhoa ea khale ea li-welding ka lebaka la litjeho tse theohileng haholo tsa basebetsi, tšebeliso e fokolang ea tšebeliso, ho felloa ke matla ha ho sila le ho qeta, le matla a phahameng a matla a motlakase.
Ha ho sekasekoa litšenyehelo tse ntseng li tsoela pele tsa ts'ebetso, lienjineri li tlameha ho kenya letsoho ts'ebelisong ea matla a motlakase, ho sireletsa sekhahla sa phallo ea khase, kemiso ea tlhokomelo ea chiller, le lifensetere tse sirelletsang tsa optical. Li-laser tsa sejoale-joale li ithorisa ka lebota-lisebelisoa tsa plug tse atisang ho feta 30% ho isa ho 40%, li fokotsa haholo likoloto tsa motlakase ha li bapisoa le legacy laser kapa plasma cutting systems. Lintho tse ka sebelisoang ka kakaretso li sebelisoa feela-khase e sireletsang lintho tse hloekileng le li-slide tsa sehlabelo tse sireletsang mahlo ho tloha ho li-weld spatter le ho kenya mosi.
Habohlokoa ka ho tšoanang ho lintlha tsa hardware ke setumo, bokhoni ba setegeniki, le{0}}meaho ea motheo ea tšehetso ea mor'a thekiso ea morekisi oa thepa. Moetsi ea tšepahalang o lokela ho fana ka tšehetso e felletseng ea boenjineri, a thusa sehlopha sa hau sa ka hare sa boenjiniere ka ho ntlafatsa moralo o kopaneng, liteko tsa metallurgical cross-section, sampuli liteko tsa ho sebetsa, le custom fixture engineering. Ho feta moo, etsa bonnete ba hore morekisi o fana ka mananeo a matla a koetliso, lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tse fumanehang habonolo, bokhoni ba ho hlahloba batho ba hole, le litsebi tsa ts'ebeletso ea tšimo tse arabelang ho fokotsa nako e sa reroang ea feme le ho netefatsa tlhahiso e kholo ea semela.
Mekhoa e Hlahang: Tlhokomelo e Bohlale, Tlhahlobo ea AI Weld, le Kopano ea Indasteri ea 4.0
Ha tlhahiso e tsoetseng pele e ntse e tsoela pele ho falla ka potlako ho ea ho indasteri ea 4.0 le lifeme tse bohlale, mochine oa laser welding oa indasteri o fetoha ho tloha ho sesebelisoa se ikemetseng ho ea sebakeng se bohlale,{1}}se tsamaisoang ke data ka har'a marang-rang a tlhahiso a hokahaneng. Sistimi ea sejoale-joale-ea boemo bo holimo ea laser e ntse e sebelisoa haholo-ka li-sensor tsa 'nete tsa ho lekola nako,{5}}litaolo tse koetsoeng, le mekhoa ea bohlale ea maiketsetso e etselitsoeng ho netefatsa hore ha e entsoe-e fosahetse.
E 'ngoe ea litlatsetso tse matlahali tsa theknoloji ke optical coherence tomography (OCT) le-motsoako o phahameng oa kh'amera ea CMOS e kentsoeng ka kotloloho ka har'a hlooho ea laser welding. Liphutheloana tsena tsa pono le tsa kutlo li lekanya botebo ba likoti tsa keyhole, likhahla tsa mocheso oa holim'a metsi, le boits'oaro ba plasma plume ka nako ea nnete nakong ea ts'ebetso ea 'nete ea welding. Haeba bothata bo bonyenyane-, pore ea khase, kapa khaello ea motsoako e qala ho hlaha, tsamaiso e bohlale e ka fetola matla a laser hang-hang kapa lebelo la ho tsamaea ka ntsintsi ho lokisa phoso pele cheseletso e tiea. Boemo bona ba netefatso ea boleng bo ka har'a marang-rang bo fokotsa haholo litlhoko tsa liteko tse senyang le litefiso tsa maqheku.
Ho feta moo, khokahanyo ea IoT ka cloud{{0}based based IoT e lumella lienjineri tsa ba etsang thepa ho latela metjhini ea bohlokoa ea telemetry-joalo ka sekhahla sa ho senyeha ha laser diode, ho sebetsa hantle, ho tsitsisa khatello ea khase, le tlhahiso ea letsatsi le letsatsi{2}}ho pholletsa le lits'ebeletso tse ngata tsa lefats'e. Li-algorithms tsa tokiso ea esale pele li sekaseka letoto lena le tsoelang pele la data ea ts'ebetso ho hlophisa litšebeletso tsa likarolo pele ho hloleha ho hoholo. Ka ho amohela-likhokahano tsena tsa morao-rao tsa dijithale, lits'ebeletso tsa sejoale-joale li ka fihlela maemo a ts'eptjoang a ts'ebetso, ho latela{6}}bokhoni, le bokhoni ba ts'ebetso.
Qetello
Ho reka mochine o loketseng oa liindasteri oa welding ka laser ho emela leano la phetoho e ka phahamisang boleng, lebelo la tlhahiso, le phaello ea nako e telele{{0}ea tšebetso ea hau ea tlhahiso. Ka ho utloisisa ka botlalo likaroloana tsa theknoloji ea fiber laser, ho lekola maemo a bohlokoa a ts'ebetso joalo ka tlhahiso ea matla le sebopeho sa marang-rang, ho rala liroboto tse se nang moeli le ho kopanya ka boiketsetso, ho sebelisa likarolo tse bohlale tsa tlhahlobo ea Industry 4.0, le ho bala {3}litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele tsa beng, bareki ba indasteri ba ka fokotsa ho rarahana ha 'maraka le ho boloka bokamoso Ho sa tsotellehe hore na u eketsa tlhahiso ea likarolo tsa likoloi, u ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, kapa u ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho etsa litšepe, tsamaiso e nepahetseng ea laser e koala lekhalo pakeng tsa ho nepahala ho ke keng ha bapisoa le{6}}bophahamo ba tlhahiso ea indasteri.